Questões de Inglês - Grammar - Verb Tenses - Simple past
T E X T
Children set for more climate disasters than their grandparents, research shows
People born today will suffer many
times more extreme heatwaves and
other climate disasters over their
lifetimes than their grandparents,
[05] research has shown. The study is the
first to assess the contrasting
experience of climate extremes by
different age groups and starkly
highlights the intergenerational
[10] injustice posed by the climate crisis.
The analysis showed that a child
born in 2020 will endure an average of
30 extreme heatwaves in their lifetime,
even if countries fulfil their current
[15] pledges to cut future carbon emissions.
That is seven times more heatwaves
than someone born in 1960. Today’s
babies will also grow up to experience
twice as many droughts and wildfires
[20] and three times more river floods and
crop failures than someone who is 60
years old today.
However, rapidly cutting global
emissions to keep global heating to
[25] 1.5C would almost halve the heatwaves
today’s children will experience, while
keeping under 2C would reduce the
number by a quarter.
A vital task of the UN’s Cop26
[30] climate summit in Glasgow in November
is to deliver pledges of bigger emissions
cuts from the most polluting countries
and climate justice will be an important
element of the negotiations. Developing
[35] countries, and the youth strike
protesters who have taken to the
streets around the world, point out that
those who did least to cause the climate
crisis are suffering the most.
[40] “Our results highlight a severe
threat to the safety of young
generations and call for drastic emission
reductions to safeguard their future,”
said Prof Wim Thiery, at Vrije
[45] Universiteit Brussel in Belgium and who
led the research. He said people under
40 today were set to live
“unprecedented” lives, ie suffering
heatwaves, droughts, floods and crop
[50] failures that would have been virtually
impossible – 0.01% chance – without
global heating
Dr Katja Frieler, at the Potsdam
Institute for Climate Impact Research in
[55] Germany and part of the study team,
said: “The good news is we can take
much of the climate burden from our
children’s shoulders if we limit warming
to 1.5C by phasing out fossil fuel use.
[60] This is a huge opportunity.”
Leo Hickman, editor of Carbon
Brief, said: “These new findings
reinforce our 2019 analysis which
showed that today’s children will need
[65] to emit eight times less CO2 over the
course of their lifetime than their
grandparents, if global warming is to be
kept below 1.5C. Climate change is
already exacerbating many injustices,
[70] but the intergenerational injustice of
climate change is particularly stark.”
The research, published in the
journal Science, combined extreme
event projections from sophisticated
[75] computer climate models, detailed
population and life expectancy data,
and global temperature trajectories
from the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change.
[80] The scientists said the increases
in climate impacts calculated for today’s
young people were likely to be
underestimates, as multiple extremes
within a year had to be grouped
together and the greater intensity of
[85] events was not accounted for.
There was significant regional
variation in the results. For example,
the 53 million children born in Europe
and central Asia between 2016 and
[90] 2020 will experience about four times
more extreme events in their lifetimes
under current emissions pledges, but
the 172 million children of the same age
in sub-Saharan Africa face 5.7 times
[95] more extreme events.
“This highlights a disproportionate
climate change burden for young
generations in the global south,” the
researchers said.
[100] Dohyeon Kim, an activist from
South Korea who took part in the global
climate strike on Friday, said:
“Countries of the global north need to
push governments to put justice and
[105] equity at the heart of climate action,
both in terms of climate [aid] and
setting more ambitious pledges that
take into consideration historical
responsibilities.”
[110] The analysis found that only those
aged under 40 years today will live to
see the consequences of the choices
made on emissions cuts. Those who are
older will have died before the impacts
[115] of those choices become apparent in the
world.
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ 2021/sep/27/
The verbs in “The analysis showed that a child born in 2020 will endure an average of 30 extreme heatwaves in their lifetime” (lines 11-13) are respectively
Leia o trecho a seguir, observe as palavras sublinhadas e, então, assinale a alternativa que correlacione corretamente as palavras destacadas com o seu referido tópico gramatical.
An early influencer who’d been on YouTube since 2010, Marbles apologized for the racist and sexist videos. She blocked the videos, so they can no longer be viewed and she issued a tearful apology to her followers. “It’s not OK,” she said. “It’s shameful. It’s awful
(Fonte: Disponível em: https://thepuristonline.com/2020/08/pros-andcons-of-cancel-culture/. Acesso em: 24 out. 2021).
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Daniel Ferreira, 24, is a guy who had to learn to overcome expectations from the day he was born, without his arms, due to a treatment with thalidomy that his mother had to do during pregnancy. “Some relatives did not bet a chip on me; they saw me as a poor thing,” he says. It turns out that he did not put any brakes on any ambition, he did very well in life and, painting
About the International Day of People with Disabilities, celebrated last Wednesday (3), he says: “Unfortunately, we still need special days to remember minorities, such as blacks, homosexuals and the disabled. Brazil is not prepared in any way to meet the needs of people with disabilities. There is no accessibility. Neither public nor private schools have a structure. We still have a lot to fight for ”.
The boy speaks properly on the subject, since he had to fight hard to be able to study in a regular public school, from the age of seven. The principal argued that the state institution was not supported to receive a student with a disability. His father, Francisco, was the one who had to build a special desk, without State aid, so that Daniel could write with his feet.
(Fonte: Texto Adaptado. Disponível em: https://www.vidamaislivre.com.br/2014/12/04/conhe ca-daniel-ferreira-o-artista-que-pinta-com-os-pes-e-aboca/. Acesso em: 15 dez. 2020).
Considerando o terceiro parágrafo do texto, assinale a alternativa que indica corretamente o tempo verbal predominante nas frases destacadas.
“(...) since he had to fight hard to be able to study in a regular public school, from the age of seven. The principal argued that the state institution was not supported to receive a student with a disability. His father, Francisco, was the one who had to build a special desk, without State aid, so that Daniel could write with his feet”.
Read the text and answer the question.
Dear Frank,
I am sorry, I missed your party _____ Friday.
I could not come _______ I had to take my cousin ______ the airport.
I tried to phone you ______ you were out. I hope the party went well.
Yours, Sammy
The missing words in the text above are, respectly:
T E X T
Now, according to an annual survey
by the Babson Survey Research Group and
the Online Learning Consortium, more than
6.3 million students took at least one
[5] distance education course in the Fall 2016
semester (the most recent academic year
for which data is available). That’s 31.6
percent of all higher education
enrollments, according to the study, and
[10] about half of them were taking all of their
classes online.
Many of these students are traditional
age. But for adult students (generally
defined as those 25 and over, working full
[15] time jobs or with parenting
responsibilities) online education is a
particularly attractive option. Citing several
studies, Louis Soares, chief learning and
innovation officer for the American Council
[20] on Education, says that about a third of all
adult students — roughly 13 million — are
pursuing advanced degrees online.
“I think it has given adult students
more opportunities,” Mr. Soares said. “If
[25] done correctly, online education can create
a robust learning experience.”
Research has shown that students can
learn as well online as they can in a face to
face classroom, according to Jovita Ross
[30] Gordon, a professor at Texas State
University.
“In terms of pros and cons, it offers
great convenience and access for
populations who might not otherwise have
[35] it,” said Professor Ross-Gordon, an expert
on adult education. “But a certain degree
of self-direction is required. And it can be
isolating for some folks.”
The vast majority of colleges and
[40] universities in the United States offer at
least some online classes, but there are
still those who question its legitimacy and
also the quality of for-profit colleges whose
curriculum is offered solely online.
[45] Walden University, where Mr. Haynes
is earning his doctoral degree, is one such
institution. He said that he researched the
school through the V.A. and other sources,
and heard positive reports from a friend
[50] who was also pursuing his doctorate in
business administration at Walden, which
Mr. Haynes learned was accredited by the
Accreditation Council for Business Schools.
For Manda Gibson, online education is
[55] the preferred mode of learning. “I love it,”
said Ms. Gibson, 45, the mother of four,
who works full-time as an instructional
designer at Simpson College in Indianola,
Iowa. Ms. Gibson is pursuing her master’s
[60] in business administration online with
Colorado State University-Global Campus,
and before that earned a bachelor of arts
in management, taking mostly online
classes, at Simpson.
[65] “When I sit in a regular class, my
mind wanders,” she says. “`Did I do this
for my kids?’ ‘What am I making for dinner
tonight?’ When I do online, I can say, ‘this
hour is my hour.’”
[70] But she says, with the flexibility of
online education comes responsibility. “You
have to take it seriously,” she said. “Some
people think online classes are easier. I
think it’s actually more work. Because you
[75] might have to spend more time with the
content.”
Time is a commodity that Mr. Haynes,
like many adult learners, has little of. He
and his wife — Sgt. Chelsea Aiko Haynes
[80] of the Army — have six children, ranging
in age from 1 to 17. He is also active with
the Semper Fi Fund, a nonprofit
organization that provides financial
assistance for catastrophically injured
[85] servicemen and women. But most days,
after the children are off to school and his
wife is at her job at the Pentagon, he sits
down in the living room with his MacBook
Air and gets ready to learn. “I open the
[90] blinds to get some natural sunlight in,” he
said. “The TV’s off, the phone’s on vibrate.
And I commit myself fully to my studies.”
Here are some tips for success in
online education for adult learners, from
[95] Jeremy Haynes and Manda Gibson, two
students who have flourished in this
learning environment, and from George
Haber, an adjunct professor at Vaughn
College in Queens, and a veteran of over
[100] 25 years of teaching online.
Set aside specific time periods when
you can do required reading or writing and
stick to the schedule, whether it’s an hour
a night three nights a week; Saturday or
[105] Sunday morning; or some combination.
Get acquainted with your academic
adviser from the start, as he or she is your
lifeline for anything at the institution.
Choose a subject for your first
[110] online class that you’re interested in, if
possible. You will be more likely to become
engaged in the material and learn the
technology.
Ask questions and reach out for help
[115] early. Don’t get frustrated if you don’t
understand something; a quality online
program will not only have self-help
tutorials, but also good student services to
help with the details.
[120] Take part in any online discussions
or forums. Your lack of participation will be
easily noted by the instructor.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/01/
The underlined verb forms in “(He) heard positive reports” (line 49), “who was also pursuing” (line 50), and “I open the blinds” (lines 89-90) are
Read Text to answer question.
The author who wrote verses from the "depths of the trifling", as it features in a poem and one of his books, poet Manoel de Barros died on Thursday morning, November 13th, aged 97, in Campo Grande, in Mato Grosso do Sul state. He had been in intensive care for over a week after he undergone surgery for bowel obstruction. According to the hospital he died due to multiple organ failure.
Manoel de Barros was born in Cuiabá and throughout his life he wrote 18 poetry books, in addition to children's books and autobiographical accounts. He received a number of literary prizes, two of which were Jabuti prizes (Tortoise prizes) - one in 1989 for "O Guardador de Águas" and in 2002 for "O Fazedor do Amanhecer".
Barros used to say that "poetry is not supposed to be understood, it is supposed to be incorporated. Understanding it creates a wall. One ought to try to be a tree." "Manoel de Barros was a philosopher who liked to think and rethink the world through poetry", Mozambique born writer Mia Couto, has said. Eucanaã Ferraz has said that Barros "was wise and surfaced already as an essential author".
Almost half a century went by until his debut in literature: "Poemas Concebidos Sem Pecado" was published in 1937 almost in handmade style, with 21 copies. The greatest publishing of his works only came in the second half of the 1980s, thanks to the efforts of admirers such as Brazilian writers Millôr Fernanddes and Antonio Houaiss, for whom he was often compared to Saint Francis of Assissi "in his humility before everything".
Even after his tardy success as one of the greatest Brazilian writers of his generation, he stayed true to his origins. He lived in Corumbá in Mato Grosso do Sul state, with stints in Rio de Janeiro and New York. Since the end of the 1970s, he lived in Campo Grande with his wife, Stella and their daughter, Martha.
(FONTE: Adaptado. Disponível em: https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/internacional/en /culture/2014/11/1548038-brazilian-poetmanoel-de-barros-dies-aged-97.shtml. Acesso em: 4 nov. 2019).
Analyze the sentence: “The author who wrote verses from the "depths of the trifling", as it features in a poem and one of his books, poet Manoel de Barros died on Thursday morning, November 13th, aged 97, in Campo Grande, in Mato Grosso do Sul state. He had been in intensive care for over a week after he undergone surgery for bowel obstruction. According to the hospital he died due to multiple organ failure”.
The underlined words are considered:
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