Questões de Inglês - Grammar - Pronouns - Relative
TEXT
The end of life on Earth?
It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the
atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded
over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15
February 2013, we were lucky. The metereorite that
[05] showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was
relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although
many people were injured by falling glass, the damage
was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia
nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small
[10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in
mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million
trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or
London, millions of people would have been killed.
By a strange coincidence, the same day that the
[15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another
50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth.
Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the
asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the
Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small
[20] for anyone to spot.
Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids
pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It
was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with
Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million
[25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter,
struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100
megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb
for every person alive on Earth today
Many scientists, including the late Stephen
[30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than
20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the
complete destruction of complex life, including all
animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much
smaller asteroid can cause great damage.
[35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65
million years by good fortune and the massive
gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic
guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun,
sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous
[40]comets and asteroids which might cross Earth’s orbit.
After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now
monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as
far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable
future.
[45] Types of space rocks
• Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a
tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear
in our visible night sky about once every ten years.
• Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in
[50] diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most
are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the
atmosphere.
• Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet.
• Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it
[55] hits Earth.
Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020
“Which” (line 40) refers to
Texto para a questão
Samsung developing technology to create fake videos from one single photo.
With new technology like this in development, seeing will no longer mean believing.
news.com.au MAY 28, 2019
Researchers at Samsung’s Artificial Intelligence (AI) Centre in Moscow have created an algorithm that can generate videos using only one image.
The development has caused some worry among technology experts and commentators, 1who see it as a worrying step towards making fake content creation easier.
In a paper published in the preprint journal ArXiv, and in an accompanying video demo, the algorithm creates a video using a single still image, such as the Mona Lisa painting or a photo of Salvador Dali.
The video can be created using one single image but the more images are used, the better the quality.
A sample of 32 images produces a video of near lifelike accuracy
Current AI systems usually require the algorithm to scan large sets of data of a body and face before it can produce a moving picture based on it.
With this new technology, however, creating fake videos will become a lot easier.
The Samsung algorithm was trained using the publicly available VoxCeleb database which has more than 7000 images of celebrities from YouTube videos.
Since the algorithm recognises common characteristics of a person’s face and body, as opposed to specific traits of a subject, it’s able to quickly extrapolate images with little input.
This method also means that the technology is applicable toward non-celebrities and can be used on anyone, even people 2who died a long time ago and were never captured on video.
The AI is currently only able to produce “talking head” style videos from the shoulders up.
Skeptics of deepfake technology, as it is referred to, worry it will be used to spread misinformation and fake news or to steal people’s identity.
O pronome relativo ‘who’, em negrito no texto, refere-se, respectivamente, a:
Dear Jane,
Everybody says that people like to wear sunglasses. My mother has two and my sisters have many. In my opinion, sunglasses make people look artificial. My friends disagree with me. They always do that. Nobody understands me. Am I wrong?
The word Everybody in bold in the text is
Read the text and answer the question.
The idea of evolution (which is gradual change) was not a new one. The Greeks had thought of it, so Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles, and also the Frenchman, Lamarck. It is one thing to have an idea; we can all of us guess and sometimes make a lucky guess.
The pronoun one, in bold in the text, refers to:
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Does a lipstick threaten the future of one of our closest living relatives?
Pizza, biscuits, and beauty treatments are some of the thousands of products that contain palm oil, which threaten iconic species through deforestation. And a new study says that planting alternative oils could pose an even bigger danger to living things.
Palm oil is the most widely used vegetable oil on the planet and is believed to be in about 50% of products found in supermarkets and shops. It is important for lipstick for example because it holds colour well, has no taste and doesn’t melt at high temperatures. It’s found in shampoos, soaps, ice cream and instant noodles amongst thousands of others.
Over the past 20 years, growing demand has seen thousands of hectares of old, tropical forests chopped down to make way for the oily palm tree plantations. But these forests are home to some of the most threatened species in the world, including the orangutan. “Orangutans are a lowland species on Bornean Sumatra and that’s where palm oil is grown. The two often clash, palm oil displaces orangutans, they are pushed into gardens where they generate conflicts with locals and that’s where you get the killings. They are incredibly versatile, but what an orangutan can’t deal with is killing. Because they are such slow breeding species, the killing has a really big impact”, the report’s lead author Erik Meijaard, told BBC News.
Palm makes up 35% of the world’s vegetable oil supply but only takes up 10% of the world’s land allocated to producing the greasy stuff. To replace it with rapeseed, soy or sunflower seed oil would take far larger amounts of land, in fact up to nine times the amount needed for palm. It’s likely that such a move would see a displacement of diversity loss, with many more species in different places under threat. “If palm oil didn’t exist you would still have the same global demand for vegetable oil,” said Erik Meijaard.
(Matt McGrath. www.bbc.com, 26.06.2018. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the first paragraph “which threaten iconic species through deforestation”, the underlined word refers to
Use the comic strip bellow to answer question
FoxTrot
(Disponivel em https://www.foxtrot.com/2015/07/19/too-cool. Acesso em 01/07/2019)
Considering the stretches “At first I thought that made me doubly cool…” and “Is that the battery light…?” the pronoun “that”, in both stretches, refers to, respectively:
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