Questões de Inglês - Grammar - Verb Tenses - Simple present
Read the text to answer the question
Brazilian Government Makes the LGPD Effective Imminently
Thursday, September 10, 2020
The LGPD, like the EU‘s General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR") is extraterritorial in scope. The LGPD applies to any company, public or private. This means that it applies to any company located within Brazil, as well as those outside of Brazil that process personal data of individuals residing in Brazil or otherwise marketing goods or services to people in Brazil. Accordingly, any company located in or marketing goods or services to individuals in Brazil should be aware of the LGPD and consider whether any immediate action on becoming compliant with the LGPD is appropriate.
With Brazil representing almost half of all IT spend in Latin America, the largest market for software outsourcing in Latin America, a sizeable workforce providing outsourced software and services, and manufacturing products like commercial airplanes and cars, many U.S. companies operate in Brazil. Thus, for companies that undertook efforts to comply with the GDPR, they will find several similarities between the LGPD and the GDPR. Companies are required to appoint a data protection officer ("DPO") to be the "channel of communication" between the financial controller, the data subjects (e.g., employees) and the National Data Privacy Agency ("ANPD").
The LGPD defines personal data relatively broadly, in that under the LGPD, personal data is any information that is related to an identified or identifiable individual. (Art. 5, I.). Like GDPR, this includes information that could be used to identify an individual,
https://www.foley.com/en/insights/publications/2020/09/brazilian-governmentlgpd-effective-imminently. Acesso em: 14. oct 2020.
In the sentence: The LGPD contains the same 6 lawful basis of processing as the GDPR, but also includes four additional lawful basis for processing… How do you classify the words in bold?
Why inexperienced workers can’t get entry-level jobs
By Kate Morgan20th September 2021. “Entry-level” jobs used to be the way for new graduates to enter the workforce. But many are now requiring prior experience.
As anyone who’s graduated from university or applied for their first job in recent years can attest to, something
new – and alarming – has happened to entry-level jobs: they’ve disappeared.
A recent analysis of close to 4 million jobs posted on LinkedIn since late 2017 showed that 35% of postings for
“entry-level” positions asked for years of prior relevant work experience. That requirement was even more common in
[5] certain industries. More than 60% of listings for entry-level software and IT Services jobs, for instance, required three
or more years of experience. In short, it seems entry-level jobs aren’t for people just entering the workforce at all.
And while that first job is harder than ever to get, it’s also more important than ever, says Alan Seals, an associate
professor of economics at Auburn University, US. It may be the bottom-most rung on the employment ladder, but a
worker’s first position sets the tone for their career.
[10] “The most important time in your career is the first three years,” he says. “The quality of your first employer really
matters. So, how do you get that first job?”
The simple answer is workers need something more than motivation or a college degree to enter the workforce
now, whether it’s lots of internships, or the connections to get around a complex application process without an
algorithm weeding them out. But not everybody has access to those advantages, and the result is that workers are
[15] being left behind.
The rise of the internship
An ever-growing internship market means more young people are fleshing out their resumes before they even
leave university, says Seals, who notes many students are now getting their first internship after first year.
“Internships are now the entry level,” he says. “Most of the students in college are doing or trying to do internships,
[20] and now it’s increasingly common to do more than one.”
Seales says this fact impacts the entry-level job market on multiple fronts. First, companies can save money by
using interns to do that work without having to pay junior employees; the more interns a company has, the fewer
entry-level jobs it’s likely to open.
Second, because applicants with one or more internships on their resume aren’t tough to come by, those who
[25] don’t have internship experience are left out in the cold. That can happen to students who can’t afford an unpaid or
low-paid internship, or those who have trouble securing one.
“In some cases, you need to have had an internship to get an internship. It’s also tough if you’re an ethnic
minority,” says Seals. A February 2020 study he co-authored showed that employers are “less likely to respond to
[intern] applicants with Black-sounding names” and much more likely to hire those who’ve had internships before.
[30] Add to that the fact that the vast majority of internship opportunities are geographically located near major cities,
meaning those who don’t already live there or can’t relocate are out of luck. [...]
Source: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20210916-why-inexperienced-workers-cant-get-entry-level-jobs. Accessed on: October 10, 2021. Adapted.
In the excerpt “‘Internships are now the entry level,’ he says. ‘Most of the students in college are doing or trying to do internships, and now it’s increasingly common to do more than one.’” (lines 19-20), we can find the following verb tenses:
T E X T
Now, according to an annual survey
by the Babson Survey Research Group and
the Online Learning Consortium, more than
6.3 million students took at least one
[5] distance education course in the Fall 2016
semester (the most recent academic year
for which data is available). That’s 31.6
percent of all higher education
enrollments, according to the study, and
[10] about half of them were taking all of their
classes online.
Many of these students are traditional
age. But for adult students (generally
defined as those 25 and over, working full
[15] time jobs or with parenting
responsibilities) online education is a
particularly attractive option. Citing several
studies, Louis Soares, chief learning and
innovation officer for the American Council
[20] on Education, says that about a third of all
adult students — roughly 13 million — are
pursuing advanced degrees online.
“I think it has given adult students
more opportunities,” Mr. Soares said. “If
[25] done correctly, online education can create
a robust learning experience.”
Research has shown that students can
learn as well online as they can in a face to
face classroom, according to Jovita Ross
[30] Gordon, a professor at Texas State
University.
“In terms of pros and cons, it offers
great convenience and access for
populations who might not otherwise have
[35] it,” said Professor Ross-Gordon, an expert
on adult education. “But a certain degree
of self-direction is required. And it can be
isolating for some folks.”
The vast majority of colleges and
[40] universities in the United States offer at
least some online classes, but there are
still those who question its legitimacy and
also the quality of for-profit colleges whose
curriculum is offered solely online.
[45] Walden University, where Mr. Haynes
is earning his doctoral degree, is one such
institution. He said that he researched the
school through the V.A. and other sources,
and heard positive reports from a friend
[50] who was also pursuing his doctorate in
business administration at Walden, which
Mr. Haynes learned was accredited by the
Accreditation Council for Business Schools.
For Manda Gibson, online education is
[55] the preferred mode of learning. “I love it,”
said Ms. Gibson, 45, the mother of four,
who works full-time as an instructional
designer at Simpson College in Indianola,
Iowa. Ms. Gibson is pursuing her master’s
[60] in business administration online with
Colorado State University-Global Campus,
and before that earned a bachelor of arts
in management, taking mostly online
classes, at Simpson.
[65] “When I sit in a regular class, my
mind wanders,” she says. “`Did I do this
for my kids?’ ‘What am I making for dinner
tonight?’ When I do online, I can say, ‘this
hour is my hour.’”
[70] But she says, with the flexibility of
online education comes responsibility. “You
have to take it seriously,” she said. “Some
people think online classes are easier. I
think it’s actually more work. Because you
[75] might have to spend more time with the
content.”
Time is a commodity that Mr. Haynes,
like many adult learners, has little of. He
and his wife — Sgt. Chelsea Aiko Haynes
[80] of the Army — have six children, ranging
in age from 1 to 17. He is also active with
the Semper Fi Fund, a nonprofit
organization that provides financial
assistance for catastrophically injured
[85] servicemen and women. But most days,
after the children are off to school and his
wife is at her job at the Pentagon, he sits
down in the living room with his MacBook
Air and gets ready to learn. “I open the
[90] blinds to get some natural sunlight in,” he
said. “The TV’s off, the phone’s on vibrate.
And I commit myself fully to my studies.”
Here are some tips for success in
online education for adult learners, from
[95] Jeremy Haynes and Manda Gibson, two
students who have flourished in this
learning environment, and from George
Haber, an adjunct professor at Vaughn
College in Queens, and a veteran of over
[100] 25 years of teaching online.
Set aside specific time periods when
you can do required reading or writing and
stick to the schedule, whether it’s an hour
a night three nights a week; Saturday or
[105] Sunday morning; or some combination.
Get acquainted with your academic
adviser from the start, as he or she is your
lifeline for anything at the institution.
Choose a subject for your first
[110] online class that you’re interested in, if
possible. You will be more likely to become
engaged in the material and learn the
technology.
Ask questions and reach out for help
[115] early. Don’t get frustrated if you don’t
understand something; a quality online
program will not only have self-help
tutorials, but also good student services to
help with the details.
[120] Take part in any online discussions
or forums. Your lack of participation will be
easily noted by the instructor.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/01/
The underlined verb forms in “(He) heard positive reports” (line 49), “who was also pursuing” (line 50), and “I open the blinds” (lines 89-90) are
TEXT
Pope Francis disappoints Rohingya by failing to condemn persecution
[1] As the crowds trickled out of the
Yangon sports ground where Pope Francis
delivered his first public mass before tens of
thousands of people, Khin Maung Myint, a
[5] Rohingya activist, sat on the sidelines. He
was disappointed. Not in Francis, but in the
advisers who appear to have dissuaded the
pontiff from bringing up the plight of the
Rohingya people. “Rohingya are not the
[10] ones who lost their dignity, but the people
who silence the pope’s expression,” he said.
“Those who pushed the pope not to use the
word Rohingya, they are the ones who lost
their dignity.”
[15] Francis is nearing the end of a
four-day visit to Myanmar, previously
known as Burma, in which he has not
publicly spoken about the persecuted
Muslim minority, more than 620,000 of
[20] whom have fled to Bangladesh in recent
months, escaping what western leaders are
calling ethnic cleansing.
Among the guests in the VIP
section, where a gazebo provided protection
[25] from the hot Myanmar sun, was Aye Ne
Win, the grandson of the country’s first
dictator who attracted public derision
recently after he dressed up as the pope for
Halloween. Beside him, in a black veil, sat a
[30] beauty queen who has described the
Rohingya in a YouTube video as “harbingers
of terror and violence”.
In his homily on Wednesday, the
pope talked about the need for forgiveness
[35] and ignoring the desire for revenge, but
declined to reference violence meted out
against the Rohingya, a campaign allegedly
marked by gang-rape, massacres and
arson. “We think that healing can come
[40] from anger or revenge,” Francis said,
speaking of the many “wounded” people in
Myanmar. “Yet the way of revenge is not
the way of Jesus,” he said. It was his
second public address in Myanmar, coming
[45] after he shared a stage with the state
counsellor, Aung San Suu Kyi, on Tuesday,
telling an audience of diplomats and
journalists that all of Myanmar’s religious
and minority ethnic groups – “none
[50] excluded” – should be respected.
Both speeches have fallen short of
what many expected from the pope, whose
advocacy for refugees has been a
benchmark of his papacy. He has previously
[55] referred to “our Rohingya brothers and
sisters”. At a press conference in Yangon on
Wednesday night, papal spokesman Greg
Burke said the moral authority of the Pope
“still stands”. “You can criticize what is said
[60] or not said but the Pope is not going to lose
any moral authority on this question here,”
he said.
The Rohingya have suffered
decades of persecution in Myanmar, where
[65] their freedoms have been slowly eroded and
tens of thousands are confined to
internment camps. They are widely deemed
illegal immigrants from Bangladesh and
labelled “Bengalis”. “For years the
[70] international community has towed the
government of Myanmar’s line, refusing to
say ‘Rohingya’ for fear of doing harm,” said
David Baulk, a Myanmar researcher for
Fortify Rights. “There should be nothing
[75] controversial about the pope identifying
people by the name they want.”
Whether or not the pope should
address the crisis has been a matter of
debate within the Vatican since the visit was
[80] announced, according to a source familiar
with discussions. “There are probably a mix
of voices in the Vatican,” they said. “Those
who are old school diplomats for whom
caution is always their watchword and
[85] others who are a bit more bold.”
The most vocal was until recently
Charles Maung Bo, Myanmar’s first cardinal,
a powerful orator who has fiercely defended
the Rohingya and condemned “merchants of
[90] hatred” in the form of Buddhist
ultranationalists who have sanctioned the
violence.
Before this week’s visit he urged
the pope not to use the word, though he
[95] has made it clear he would have been
happy with a compromise phrase, according
to the source. “I think one factor in this was
almost certainly pressure from within the
church on him because he has been so
[100] outspoken until now and I think there would
have been an enormous amount of pressure
from other bishops,” the source said.
Who are the Rohingya?
At the press conference on
[105] Wednesday night, the split between the
bishops was apparent, with one saying
there was a lack of “reliable evidence” of
atrocities and was not sure what was going
on because he had not seen it himself.
[110] The silence is likely to appease
many Catholics in the country who either
share prejudices against the Rohingya or
are afraid of a nationalist backlash against
the 650,000-strong Catholic community in
[115] Myanmar.
Francis is scheduled to fly to
Dhaka in Bangladesh where he will meet
Rohingya refugees on Thursday. But for
some in Myanmar, the leader of the church
[120] has a moral obligation not to leave the
country without commenting on its most
pressing crisis.
After the mass, Father Thomas, a
Yangon priest, said he hoped the pope
[125] brought the matter up in closed-door
meetings this week with the army chief, Min
Aung Hlaing, and Aung San Suu Kyi.
“This is the main issue in Burma,”
he said.
www.theguardian.com/nov.27.2017
The tenses of the underlined verbs in “I think one factor in this was almost certainly pressure from within the church on him because he has been so outspoken until now...” (lines 97-100) are respectively
Read the fragment about traditional religions in Africa and answer question
Religion ________ central to people's lives in Africa. Although the majority of Africans are now Muslim or Christian, traditional religions have endured and still play a big role. Religion runs like a thread through daily life, marked by prayers of gratitude in times of plenty and prayers of supplication in times of need. Religion confirms identity on the individual and the group.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica
GLOSSARY:
Endure – to continue to exist for a long time
Thread – one part connecting with another
Mark the correct option to complete the passage.
The last sentence of the paragraph means that identity on the individual and the group _______ by religion.
Read the sentences below.
1. Andy reads comic books.
2. Sandy sings in the bathroom.
3. My sister helps in the kitchen.
The verbs in bold are in the:
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